Postcolonial representations
of women: Critical issues for Education by Rachel Bailey Jones: “Women
objectified as natural source." PAGE 11 this quotation not only can interpret how
sexualising women is so natural in today’s society but in the modern society
too. It can also inform audiences (Uses and gratification-Blumler and Katz)
that by objectifying women it is natural and acceptable. Also, this quotation
can enable audiences to be aware that there is nothing wrong in objectifying
women and that it has become the norm in today’s society.
Hanna Rosin- The End of Men 2012: “In the West,
meanwhile, women behave sexually aggressive ways that would have been
unimaginable even twenty years ago.”Page 6 this quotation connotes how changes in society has occurred both
socially and historically. This is because twenty years ago representations of
women were different; this is because they were represented as lady-like e.g.
men used kiss women’s hand. However, this has changed because the way women are
sexualised today has happened to have a big impact on today’s society. This is
because women are now not only changing by the way they behave but becoming more
sexually aggressive. An example can be that in perfume adverts are always
portraying women and men sexually fighting and acting more seductive. This
quote summarises the fact that as timed as changed public views on certain
things have changed to, this means that it is much more acceptable for women to
behave sexually aggressive in today’s society as it challenges the way they are
represented other ads.
Introducing Feminism 2012 A Graphic guide:
“Patriarchal refers to power relations in which women’s interests are
subordinated(less) to the interest of men.” Page 4 this quotation can interpret to the readers that patriarchy refers
to men always being dominating over women and that women are always oppressed
in every way. This can interpret that
because women are so used to how they are sexualised, they therefore only are
there to serve the interests of men.
William Shakespeare’s Hamlet: “Frailty, thy name is
women!” page 7 this quotation can be interpreted in many ways, firstly
it can refer to how women are so weak and innocent and that it is easy possible
to exploit them for sexual reason. Also, it can connote that women are always
represented as being weak and that this representation will stick to them. This
can be done through the high-angel shots of women as they are always below the
men and are always controlled by them.
Aristotle: “women were women by virtue of a certain
lack of equalities.” Page 5 this
can interpret as an oppositional reading (Stuart Hall) that because women are
not like men, they will therefore face inequality in society and those that
will always be treated different to men and can face misogyny in society due to
their gender.
Laura Mulvey, Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema 2008 Carolina
Hein: “Women are regarded as objects of fetishistic display for male viewer’s
pleasures.” Page 4 this quotation can link with theorist Laura Mulvey as to
how women are always exploited and used as sexual objects for men to either
voyeur on them or to use them for their own means. This quotation informed
audiences that women are like a toy- they can be controlled from doing anything
and that they are always on display for a reason. The word fetishistic could
interpret can convey that women are always dressed sexually, and area given
roles that objectify them sexually and weaker than men- which means that they
are always there for a reason.
“Male position with
active and female position as passive.” Page
4 This actually explains to
the audiences how women are sexualised in ads and that there is always a type
of positioning which connotes that men are dominating and powerful than women
as to how they are always accept how they are controlled. The word ‘active’,
can connote how men are the one that play the game and that women are the
‘passive’ ones and will accept what happens to them.
"Young women are
especially susceptible to objectification, as they are often taught that power, respect,
and wealth can be derived from
one's outward appearance."
This links with the perfume ads as
younger women who are objectified in Perfume ads are powerful, wealthy and
respectful however, their appearance is what still attracts the male audiences
as to believe that they are only there for a reason and that they can see that
by the women dressed sexually they can have the right to still voyeur on them.
"Pro-feminist cultural critics such as Robert
Jensen and Sut Jhally accuse mass media and
advertising of promoting the objectification of women to help promote goods and
services."
Judith Butler’s
work on gender is set out in Gender Trouble (1990).
From Articles:
1.
The
Guardian: No wonder men treat us as sex
objects if we act like this
“It is no
wonder a lot of men now genuinely believe that women want to be treated as sex
objects.” This
concludes what women want to be treated like- sex objects however; this can
raise debates as to how women do not want to be treated like this and that
these are just the typical stereotyping of women. It can also interpret that society is now
used to women being treated as women however an oppositional reading can be
that Perkins will argue that that some stereotypes are true as to how some
women do like to be treated like this and have a negative representation than
no representation at all.
"The
beauty industry is a monster, selling unattainable dreams. It lies, it cheats,
it exploits women."
This
links to the idea of how adverts lie about what you can become out of this
product if you purchase it. It also
informs audiences that adverts never tell the truth and in order for an
institution to sell its product it has to trick it’s audiences to by making the
models look more attractive so that other women can purchase the product, which
then means that women are only there for a show and that they are exploited by
brands to encourage audiences to purchase the product.
2. Are these most offensive
ads of all time?
“Over the last five decades the ASA has
dealt with around 431,000 complaints - 31,000 were lodged in 2011 alone.”
"We haven't really
changed that much since the Victorian times - we are offended by bad manners
and nudity,"
This article informs the
audiences with the statistics of how many complaints the ASA had received. It
also points out how socially nudity has changed and what impact it had back in
the Victorian era and how society reacts towards these representation of women
in today's society.
Reflection on gender and equality http://www.balliol.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Balliols_Rib_Low-Res_PDF.pdf
‘Woman is more compassionate than man, more easily moved to
tears, at the same time is more jealous, more querulous, more apt to scold and to strike.
She is, furthermore, more prone to despondency and less hopeful than the man, more void of shame or
self-respect, more false of speech, more deceptive, and of more
retentive memory. She is also more wakeful, more shrinking, more difficult to
rouse to action, and requires a smaller quantity of
What
Aristotle is summarising in this quote is how women are always more emotionally
stronger than men. It also enables audiences to be aware of how women are more
suited to the expressive role which is to look after the family and to supporting
the family through emotional times. However, it also informs audiences to some
extent that men are better in a way as they can handle all this criticisms made about men, which proves that all the
things women are weak at men are not.
Sexualisation of Girls in the Media Is Harmful
“The consequences of the sexualization of girls in media today
are very real and are likely to be a negative influence on girls' healthy
development."
What this quotation from the news article informs its audiences, is
how sexualizing women in today’s media is more likely to have a big impact on
its audiences.
"As a
society, we need to replace all of these sexualized images with ones showing
girls in positive settings - ones that show the uniqueness and competence of
girls," said Dr Zurbriggen
This
quotation can summaries how society should change both the way women are
portrayed and how women should challenge these to become unique from the
stereotypical representation.
TV DOCUMENTARIES:
CODES
OF GENDER
“There not real people, there dolls so
you can do whatever you want to them.”
What this quotation connotes(Barthes) is
that because women are treated only as sex objects and pleasure for the male
audiences therefore we as an audience can do whatever we want with them. This
means that they have no control over their life and that they can be controlled
easily. This quote can also link with the Feminist theory as they believe that
women are always exploited for sexual reasons and that they are always there to
attract the male gaze (Laura Mulvey).
Google scholar:
http://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=9532
The critics state that the women shown in ads are too often "only housewives;" stupid or incompetent; dependent on men; decorative or sex objects; passive; and not involved in making major decisions.
This can link with my critical investigation as it informs audiences that women portrayed in television ads really do not have much of say in what they are asked to perform and that they have a particular role which is to be on display performing the obvious roles that society like to see.
Dominick
and Rauch (1974) conducted a study of 1,000 prime time television commercials
and found that the sex object and housewife/mother role stereotypes also
existed in that medium.
This can link with my critical investigation as it informs and
educates the audiences that the study carried out by these two people had
identified that even on prime time television commericials found women
stereotypically represented as sexual objects.
MediaEdu:
http://media.edusites.co.uk/article/gender-theory/
‘Femininity is not typically a core value for women today. Instead, being ‘feminine’ is just one of the performances that women choose to employ in everyday life – perhaps for pleasure, or to achieve a particular goal.’
This links with my case study as to how women in perfume ads may choose to act seductive and erotic not to be stereotypically a weak women who has no power over what she is doing but in order to achieve a particular goal and that may be to challenge men. This quote can also be interpreted in a different way as it may connote that not every women plays the typical role of being feminine as some challenege these quotation by going agaisnt this stereotypical representation and becoming independant.
Media Magazine:
inforgrapghic
MediaEdu:
http://media.edusites.co.uk/article/gender-theory/
‘Femininity is not typically a core value for women today. Instead, being ‘feminine’ is just one of the performances that women choose to employ in everyday life – perhaps for pleasure, or to achieve a particular goal.’
This links with my case study as to how women in perfume ads may choose to act seductive and erotic not to be stereotypically a weak women who has no power over what she is doing but in order to achieve a particular goal and that may be to challenge men. This quote can also be interpreted in a different way as it may connote that not every women plays the typical role of being feminine as some challenege these quotation by going agaisnt this stereotypical representation and becoming independant.
Media Magazine:
inforgrapghic
Thursday, 15 November 2012
five books
Postcolonial representations of women:Critical issues for
Education By Rachel Bailey Jones PAGE 11: " Women objectified
as natural source."
Gender and the Media by Rosalind Gill page 14
"it is perfectly possible to agree in one's head that certain
images of women might be reactioanry or damaging or oppressive while
remaining committed to them in emotion or desire".
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